Heme: Sub-Clinical Porphyria and Long Haul and ME CFS

Heme is one of the most common cofactors in the body needed for : All Phase I CYP450 enzymes, Nitic Oxide, Catalase, Glutathione Peroxidase, Super Oxide Dismutase, Electron Transport In Complexes II, III, IV, Cytochrome C, SUOX (Sulfur), Tryptophan metabolism, and NAD/NADPH synthesis. Some of the more extreme symptoms include sensitivity to sunlight, gall bladder attacks and strange abdominal pain, skin lesions and acute neurovisceral attacks, and alcohol sensitivity. Deficiencies in the required cofactors such as : B2, B6, B7, B12, Lipoic Acid, Glycine, Succinyl Co A, Zinc, Copper, or Iron can disrupt heme biosynthesis. Critically impacted in hypoxic conditions, as well as by oxidative stress and toxic gut metabolites like acetyl aldehydes and hydrogen sulfide.